Can be used as basal fertilizer , seed fertilizer and top dressing . Than the amount used as a base fertilizer nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers smaller. Zinc ( seven water zinc sulfate ) in food crops per acre with 1 to 2 kg , manganese fertilizer ( manganese sulfate ) with 2 to 4 kg , boron ( borax ) with 0.4 to 0.5 kg , molybdenum fertilizer ( ammonium ) only 10 to 25 grams , usually in a serious lack of certain micronutrients plots before applying basal . As with less, and the large number of elements can be fertilizers, soil or organic fertilizer mixed use , or dissolved in water , irrigation sprayer sprayed on organic fertilizer , organic fertilizer along with the application . Fertilizer to seed dressing or fertilizer is mainly used for soaking . Per kilogram of seed dressing with Zn 5 grams or molybdenum fertilizer 2 to 3 grams , with the amount of water-soluble , spray with a sprayer on the seeds , or seeds in the same solution and the solution is stirred , dry sowing. Soaking can be from 0.02% to 0.05% zinc sulfate or borax solution , soaking time of wheat , corn 6 to 12 hours can be soaked rice 1 to 2 nights. Dressing can be applied to the soil , but more common is spraying. Usually 0.1% to 0.3% borax or zinc sulfate heptahydrate , 0.1% to 0.2% of boric acid , or 0.05 % to 0.1 % of the ammonium molybdate solution sprayed twice over.
For annual crops in the seedling to the flowering stage spray every 7 to 10 days time . Fruit trees in bud and flowering water power sprayer spraying. Water-soluble fertilizer can be used as basic fertilizer, seed fertilizer and top dressing , sparingly soluble fertilizer commonly used as base fertilizer. The amount and concentration of fertilizer is not tested in the case can not be arbitrarily increased to avoid poison crops.
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2013年9月26日星期四
How to deal with diseases of peanut seeds
Peanut main diseases stem rot, root rot, crown rot , blight , etc., yield losses due to these diseases is about 20 % -25% , disease prevention and control better approach is systemic fungicide carbendazim seed treatment . China's production of carbendazim 50% and 40% carbendazim WP Carbendazim colloidal suspension agent , the drug treatment of seeds , the seeds can not only eliminate the bacteria inside and outside , but also can protect the peanut seeds , shoots , roots , stem base from soil bacteria infection , as well as some fertilizer effect. Carbendazim gum disease prevention is better than a suspending agent can be of carbendazim wettable powder .
Chemical treatment methods peanut seeds are the following:
First, the drug soil seed : with 50 % carbendazim WP per 50 kg seeds medicine 0.15-0.25 kg ( calculated as the effective ingredient 0.075-0.125 kg ) , the fine powder with 2.5-5 kg dry soil mix even with medicine soil . Peanut seeds wet washing with water , and then layered soil mixing with drugs , to make each and peanut seeds are evenly coated with drugs soil, soil mixed with drugs immediately after planting.
Second, the liquid seed dressing : with 50% carbendazim WP , per 50 kilograms of peanut seeds with medicine 0.15-0.25 kg , add water 2 kg dubbed liquid,backpack weed sprayers spray with a sprayer peanut seeds respectively , so that each piece peanut seeds are evenly coated with liquid, dry immediately after planting.
Third, the soaking liquid : with 50 % carbendazim WP per 50 kg seeds with medicine 0.15-0.25 kg , add water to 30 kg dubbed liquid, soak peanut seeds 50 kg , cold soak for 24 hours, turning two middle -3 times , can be planted after soaking .
The prevention of the above methods stem rot , blight, root rot results are above 90%, dressing and soaking no significant difference in the effect of disease prevention , but considering the dressing method is simple, or as seed for the good . Pharmaceutical treatment of peanut leaves dark green , robust growth , with an average increase of about 30%, some 50% of production , or even more than doubled, also at least about 10% yield , pod increased 10-20 % , with the increase of the number of drug the amount of the increase , but the amount of medication ( active ingredient ) than 1% of the seed phytotoxicity , emergence effect .
Although peanut seeds treated with carbendazim significantly increase yield and disease prevention , but this did not wilt agents on disease prevention effects of peanut . No use of carbendazim on the incidence of peanut seeds treated plots , if necessary, can also be hand held sprayer sprayed with a 1000 -fold in the seedling stage liquid, preventing effect is also more than 90 percent , an increase of 10% or more, with 500 times the liquid IRRIGATING there certain effects.
Chemical treatment methods peanut seeds are the following:
First, the drug soil seed : with 50 % carbendazim WP per 50 kg seeds medicine 0.15-0.25 kg ( calculated as the effective ingredient 0.075-0.125 kg ) , the fine powder with 2.5-5 kg dry soil mix even with medicine soil . Peanut seeds wet washing with water , and then layered soil mixing with drugs , to make each and peanut seeds are evenly coated with drugs soil, soil mixed with drugs immediately after planting.
Second, the liquid seed dressing : with 50% carbendazim WP , per 50 kilograms of peanut seeds with medicine 0.15-0.25 kg , add water 2 kg dubbed liquid,backpack weed sprayers spray with a sprayer peanut seeds respectively , so that each piece peanut seeds are evenly coated with liquid, dry immediately after planting.
Third, the soaking liquid : with 50 % carbendazim WP per 50 kg seeds with medicine 0.15-0.25 kg , add water to 30 kg dubbed liquid, soak peanut seeds 50 kg , cold soak for 24 hours, turning two middle -3 times , can be planted after soaking .
The prevention of the above methods stem rot , blight, root rot results are above 90%, dressing and soaking no significant difference in the effect of disease prevention , but considering the dressing method is simple, or as seed for the good . Pharmaceutical treatment of peanut leaves dark green , robust growth , with an average increase of about 30%, some 50% of production , or even more than doubled, also at least about 10% yield , pod increased 10-20 % , with the increase of the number of drug the amount of the increase , but the amount of medication ( active ingredient ) than 1% of the seed phytotoxicity , emergence effect .
Although peanut seeds treated with carbendazim significantly increase yield and disease prevention , but this did not wilt agents on disease prevention effects of peanut . No use of carbendazim on the incidence of peanut seeds treated plots , if necessary, can also be hand held sprayer sprayed with a 1000 -fold in the seedling stage liquid, preventing effect is also more than 90 percent , an increase of 10% or more, with 500 times the liquid IRRIGATING there certain effects.
2013年9月25日星期三
Reduce losses should not be spared the daily vehicle inspection
As the car fire was caused mostly by electrical short circuit caused , experts say , whether it is a new car or a used car , the car mainly pay attention condition , careful observation . Once the crisis is now parking stall for self-help . Of course, even the owner of the car ignition prevention "Kung Fu" spent peacetime .
Daily vehicle inspection should not be spared . Make routine inspections of motor vehicles , to prevent electrical circuit malfunction or poor contact , as well as oil spills, leaks and other phenomena , is fundamentally prevent car fires simplest and most effective means. If you do not have a certain knowledge of the electrical and oil , according to the condition should be inspected regularly to the repair shop . In addition , there are rubber paste and abnormal smell or smoke is not the effect even more .
Inflammable and explosive materials are not being prosecuted . Everyday life lighters, perfume, mousse , etc. constitute a dangerous goods vehicle fires . Disposable lighters rough production process , under the sun exposure may be as high local temperatures inside above 50 ℃ , it may cause an explosion fire lighters ; while pesticides, upholstery cleaners , Bo Youqing lotion fruit tree sprayerequally full of flammable gases , it may explode when heated .
Fire extinguisher essential. Many people in the car without the required also equipped with fire extinguishers or with occasional replacement , but most people prefer not used fire extinguishers , which are left for the opportunity to take advantage of the fire , is not feasible. Friends should be familiar with each driver use a fire extinguisher , in order to avoid accidents helpless. According to the reporter , the general car will comes with a bottle of 0.5-0.7 liters of fire extinguishers, but this effect is not obvious spontaneous combustion fire extinguishers to fight the blaze . Fire department reminded the volume of fire extinguishers preferably more than 1 liter , would be difficult to Fight larger fire .
Owners best insurance spontaneous combustion risk . Experts suggest , the age of 4 years of automobile insurance should be considered spontaneous combustion risk , because with the age of the vehicle increases, the aging line for automotive ignition potential problems. Reporters from the Pacific and Ping An Insurance Insurance branch in Jinan , household sprayer Jinan Branch learned that, despite these two insurance company 's customer service center also recently received a number of cases reported in spontaneous combustion risk applications , but almost did not happen claims . Because the owners of these spontaneous spontaneous combustion risk insurance and uninsured .
Daily vehicle inspection should not be spared . Make routine inspections of motor vehicles , to prevent electrical circuit malfunction or poor contact , as well as oil spills, leaks and other phenomena , is fundamentally prevent car fires simplest and most effective means. If you do not have a certain knowledge of the electrical and oil , according to the condition should be inspected regularly to the repair shop . In addition , there are rubber paste and abnormal smell or smoke is not the effect even more .
Inflammable and explosive materials are not being prosecuted . Everyday life lighters, perfume, mousse , etc. constitute a dangerous goods vehicle fires . Disposable lighters rough production process , under the sun exposure may be as high local temperatures inside above 50 ℃ , it may cause an explosion fire lighters ; while pesticides, upholstery cleaners , Bo Youqing lotion fruit tree sprayerequally full of flammable gases , it may explode when heated .
Fire extinguisher essential. Many people in the car without the required also equipped with fire extinguishers or with occasional replacement , but most people prefer not used fire extinguishers , which are left for the opportunity to take advantage of the fire , is not feasible. Friends should be familiar with each driver use a fire extinguisher , in order to avoid accidents helpless. According to the reporter , the general car will comes with a bottle of 0.5-0.7 liters of fire extinguishers, but this effect is not obvious spontaneous combustion fire extinguishers to fight the blaze . Fire department reminded the volume of fire extinguishers preferably more than 1 liter , would be difficult to Fight larger fire .
Owners best insurance spontaneous combustion risk . Experts suggest , the age of 4 years of automobile insurance should be considered spontaneous combustion risk , because with the age of the vehicle increases, the aging line for automotive ignition potential problems. Reporters from the Pacific and Ping An Insurance Insurance branch in Jinan , household sprayer Jinan Branch learned that, despite these two insurance company 's customer service center also recently received a number of cases reported in spontaneous combustion risk applications , but almost did not happen claims . Because the owners of these spontaneous spontaneous combustion risk insurance and uninsured .
Use of these pesticides
Smog laws. Oil solution of the pesticide dispersion state of a method of application of smoke . Smoke France must take advantage of special equipment to put oily smoke pesticide dispersed state . Smoke generally refers to the diameter of 0.1 to 10 micron particles in the air dispersion. Solid particles are known as smoke, fog liquid called . Droplets of liquid smoke is left after evaporation of the solvent a solid prills . As the smoke particles is small, suspended in the air a long time, deposition distribution, control efficiency higher than the general law and dusting garden pressure sprayers spray method .
Shi Rafah . Throw granular pesticide application methods . Coarse particles of granules , the applicator has little effect by the air , ground and essentially does not occur easily drift , especially for the ground , paddy fields and soil treatment . Withdraw facilities using a variety of methods, such as hand throw ( toxic agents ) , manually operated Caesar granulator throw , throw motorized Sarah machine , soil Shi granulator spraying and so on.
Wipe application methods . This is the use of pesticides in recent years the emergence of new use of technology, in terms herbicides have been large scale applications . The specific method of application , is a group of short , composed of bare nylon rope , the rope end is connected with the herbicide solution , the capillary and gravity flow of liquid into the drug rope , when the spraying machine through the spread of weeds field , the absorption of the drug ropes higher herbicide weed growth can wipe the top , but not to rub the crops grow shorter . Wipe herbicide hand sprayer spraying method used for dosing , significantly lower than normal sprays . Because almost all pharmaceutical facilities on the weeds , had this application methods crops from injury, nor droplet drift , control costs and save .
Shi Rafah . Throw granular pesticide application methods . Coarse particles of granules , the applicator has little effect by the air , ground and essentially does not occur easily drift , especially for the ground , paddy fields and soil treatment . Withdraw facilities using a variety of methods, such as hand throw ( toxic agents ) , manually operated Caesar granulator throw , throw motorized Sarah machine , soil Shi granulator spraying and so on.
Wipe application methods . This is the use of pesticides in recent years the emergence of new use of technology, in terms herbicides have been large scale applications . The specific method of application , is a group of short , composed of bare nylon rope , the rope end is connected with the herbicide solution , the capillary and gravity flow of liquid into the drug rope , when the spraying machine through the spread of weeds field , the absorption of the drug ropes higher herbicide weed growth can wipe the top , but not to rub the crops grow shorter . Wipe herbicide hand sprayer spraying method used for dosing , significantly lower than normal sprays . Because almost all pharmaceutical facilities on the weeds , had this application methods crops from injury, nor droplet drift , control costs and save .
2013年9月24日星期二
Plant protection equipment behind pesticide waste Qi Cheng
First, the low level of mechanization . It is understood that the province plant protection machinery social ownership of more than 340 million units , of which there are 3.3 million manual sprayers , accounting for more than 95% , motor and stretcher sprayer social ownership 160,000 units, accounting for about 4.6% , far below the the national average. According to incomplete statistics , at present the province's crop pest control area of more than 70% is done by hand sprayer . What is more , many farmers in the use of water pumps spraying this very rudimentary tools .
Second, plant protection models behind. Currently , the province is mainly used sprayers workers and peasants -16 , WFB- type and peasants -36 type sprayers , fifties and sixties of the last century stereotypes ,back pack sprayers spraying poor performance, single component spray , many products of poor quality, "run , run, drip, drain "phenomenon seriously . And developed advanced anti- drift spray , circular spray , automatic spray machines and other plant protection machinery target , compared with four or five decades gap.
Third, application techniques behind. Since the last century since the 1950s , the international application techniques continue to improve and perfect. A large number of low-volume applications , ultra-low volume , controlled droplet spray , anti- drift spray range of new technologies to improve the efficiency and utilization of pesticides sprayed to reduce pesticide pollution of the environment . The province is basically follow large capacity , rain -style , full coverage spray method , not science .
Less than 30% utilization of pesticides in our province , 70% of applied pesticides drift into the air or into the soil , resulting in a large number of pesticide waste and pollution of the environment , prone to excessive pesticide residues in agricultural and crop injury , but also affects the control effect of pesticides .
Second, plant protection models behind. Currently , the province is mainly used sprayers workers and peasants -16 , WFB- type and peasants -36 type sprayers , fifties and sixties of the last century stereotypes ,back pack sprayers spraying poor performance, single component spray , many products of poor quality, "run , run, drip, drain "phenomenon seriously . And developed advanced anti- drift spray , circular spray , automatic spray machines and other plant protection machinery target , compared with four or five decades gap.
Third, application techniques behind. Since the last century since the 1950s , the international application techniques continue to improve and perfect. A large number of low-volume applications , ultra-low volume , controlled droplet spray , anti- drift spray range of new technologies to improve the efficiency and utilization of pesticides sprayed to reduce pesticide pollution of the environment . The province is basically follow large capacity , rain -style , full coverage spray method , not science .
Less than 30% utilization of pesticides in our province , 70% of applied pesticides drift into the air or into the soil , resulting in a large number of pesticide waste and pollution of the environment , prone to excessive pesticide residues in agricultural and crop injury , but also affects the control effect of pesticides .
Around the pear tree fertilization
Amount of phosphorus and potassium are also applying P and K requirements were larger pear nutrients , each producing 100 kg fruit absorbs about 0.1 to 0.25 kg of phosphorus pentoxide , 0.4 to 0.6 kg of potassium hydroxide . Pear on the results of tests done showed that P and K fertilizer nitrogen is higher than the single rate of 50% to 85%. P and K application can not only improve the pear production , but also to promote root growth , increased leaf photosynthetic products to the stems, roots, fruits and other parts of Collaborative Transportation , while phosphate has a very significant role in inducing root , will moderate phosphate deep application can promote deep roots to the soil stretching, can significantly improve the drought resistance of fruit trees , to reduce the incidence of disease .
Pear in the soil with phosphorus and potassium content is high , increasing phosphorus, potassium , often without fertilizer , only pay attention to nitrogen and phosphorus, potash fertilizer application in order to achieve better results.
Rational application of boron, zinc , iron and other trace elements boron fertilizer can significantly reduce the occurrence of pear fruit shrink disease , improve fruit set and reduce pulp cork zone formation. Boron and boron to potential mild pear , flowering can spraying a concentration of 0.3 % ~ 0.4% borax solution . Serious soil boron with germinating fruit per plant soil application before 100 to 250 grams of borax , valid for up to 3 to 5 years and, once again in full bloom spraying concentration of 0.3% to 0.4 % borax solution , the effect better .
Applying zinc fertilizer on correcting pear leaf spot and leaf disease effect is very significant , generally diseased branches recovery rate of 90 % or more, can improve the rate of pear fruit , pome fruit production increased , and can increase the nitrogen and phosphorus in the leaves the levels of calcium . Spraying more effective method is to use 0.2% zinc sulfate and 0.3% to 0.5 % urea mixture promptly after the onset of fruit tree sprayer spraying , but also in the spring 3 weeks after spraying falling pear , or a 6 % before germination 8% aqueous solution of zinc sulphate spraying can play a preventive role. Soil application of zinc sulphate less effective application of Zn chelate and attitude is better, but the cost is high, generally more cost-effective primary prevention is still spraying . A large number of organic fertilizer to some extent, reduce zinc deficiency may play a role .
For the pear yellow chlorosis to treatment , the most commonly used method is better are: soil application , the use of "local rich iron law ," the upcoming ferrous sulfate and cake ( cake, peanut cake , cottonseed cake ) and ammonium sulfate at a weight ratio of 1:4:1 , basal concentration in fruit bud before applying the thin roots more layers , according to the fruit size and the degree of yellowing , fruit per plant control the amount of application 3 ~ 10 kg . Foliar spraying directly the effect of ferrous sulfate is generally poor , the application of fulvic acid iron sprayed with a mixture of urea treatment etiolated better, but of short duration ; also be applied by 0.3% ferrous sulfate , urea 0.5 % in fruit growing season garden hand sprayers spraying once a week . For local conditions , can also use a strong trunk injection machine xylem ferrous sulfate injection , although the effect is better, fertilizer and rarely , typically only about 1% of soil application , but the method is only suitable for adult fruit , injection dose range is narrow, easily administered improperly influence the normal growth of pear trees .
Pear in the soil with phosphorus and potassium content is high , increasing phosphorus, potassium , often without fertilizer , only pay attention to nitrogen and phosphorus, potash fertilizer application in order to achieve better results.
Rational application of boron, zinc , iron and other trace elements boron fertilizer can significantly reduce the occurrence of pear fruit shrink disease , improve fruit set and reduce pulp cork zone formation. Boron and boron to potential mild pear , flowering can spraying a concentration of 0.3 % ~ 0.4% borax solution . Serious soil boron with germinating fruit per plant soil application before 100 to 250 grams of borax , valid for up to 3 to 5 years and, once again in full bloom spraying concentration of 0.3% to 0.4 % borax solution , the effect better .
Applying zinc fertilizer on correcting pear leaf spot and leaf disease effect is very significant , generally diseased branches recovery rate of 90 % or more, can improve the rate of pear fruit , pome fruit production increased , and can increase the nitrogen and phosphorus in the leaves the levels of calcium . Spraying more effective method is to use 0.2% zinc sulfate and 0.3% to 0.5 % urea mixture promptly after the onset of fruit tree sprayer spraying , but also in the spring 3 weeks after spraying falling pear , or a 6 % before germination 8% aqueous solution of zinc sulphate spraying can play a preventive role. Soil application of zinc sulphate less effective application of Zn chelate and attitude is better, but the cost is high, generally more cost-effective primary prevention is still spraying . A large number of organic fertilizer to some extent, reduce zinc deficiency may play a role .
For the pear yellow chlorosis to treatment , the most commonly used method is better are: soil application , the use of "local rich iron law ," the upcoming ferrous sulfate and cake ( cake, peanut cake , cottonseed cake ) and ammonium sulfate at a weight ratio of 1:4:1 , basal concentration in fruit bud before applying the thin roots more layers , according to the fruit size and the degree of yellowing , fruit per plant control the amount of application 3 ~ 10 kg . Foliar spraying directly the effect of ferrous sulfate is generally poor , the application of fulvic acid iron sprayed with a mixture of urea treatment etiolated better, but of short duration ; also be applied by 0.3% ferrous sulfate , urea 0.5 % in fruit growing season garden hand sprayers spraying once a week . For local conditions , can also use a strong trunk injection machine xylem ferrous sulfate injection , although the effect is better, fertilizer and rarely , typically only about 1% of soil application , but the method is only suitable for adult fruit , injection dose range is narrow, easily administered improperly influence the normal growth of pear trees .
Precautions formulated pesticides
Jiyong formulated pesticides because running water running water impurities , with its easy to plug the sprayer dispensing nozzle, while also undermine the suspension of liquid precipitation .
Hanged pesticide preparation as well water well water contains minerals more, especially calcium , magnesium and more, these minerals mixed with liquid and reduce the efficacy prone to precipitation .
Avoid any increase of the water because of too much water will reduce the concentration of pesticides , so that the reduced efficacy or even completely ineffective. In addition , excess water will result in the loss of pesticides and environmental pollution .
Bogey in the rain spraying windy days or when the sun will make the powder or liquid pesticide drift , pesticide garden sprayers spraying and rain erosion and reduce drug efficacy susceptible to rain , spraying in the hot sun , plant metabolism, stomatal opening , prone to injury and easy to make efficacy volatile , lower control effect. Optimum application time is 8-11 am , 3-6 pm .
Also note : when you mix several pesticides , not every kind of medicine plus all add water once , but with a variety of drugs are used to calculate the concentration of water . Such as the preparation of urea and 500 times 1000 times thiophanate-methyl , is to use two copies of thiophanate-methyl urea plus 1 plus 1000 parts water. Should be watered with the mother liquor , the first with a small amount of warm water to melt the liquid ,fruit tree sprayer add water to the desired concentration in order to fully dissolve , increasing suspension, improve efficacy and prevent injury.
Hanged pesticide preparation as well water well water contains minerals more, especially calcium , magnesium and more, these minerals mixed with liquid and reduce the efficacy prone to precipitation .
Avoid any increase of the water because of too much water will reduce the concentration of pesticides , so that the reduced efficacy or even completely ineffective. In addition , excess water will result in the loss of pesticides and environmental pollution .
Bogey in the rain spraying windy days or when the sun will make the powder or liquid pesticide drift , pesticide garden sprayers spraying and rain erosion and reduce drug efficacy susceptible to rain , spraying in the hot sun , plant metabolism, stomatal opening , prone to injury and easy to make efficacy volatile , lower control effect. Optimum application time is 8-11 am , 3-6 pm .
Also note : when you mix several pesticides , not every kind of medicine plus all add water once , but with a variety of drugs are used to calculate the concentration of water . Such as the preparation of urea and 500 times 1000 times thiophanate-methyl , is to use two copies of thiophanate-methyl urea plus 1 plus 1000 parts water. Should be watered with the mother liquor , the first with a small amount of warm water to melt the liquid ,fruit tree sprayer add water to the desired concentration in order to fully dissolve , increasing suspension, improve efficacy and prevent injury.
2013年9月21日星期六
Rational use of pesticides also need to do this
Safety interval : the last application to harvest the number of days . If the vegetables used must wait to achieve the required number of days of pesticide products can be broken down .
Note : The main characteristics of the agent , hand sprayer a reminder that during storage , transport and use should pay attention to. At the same time , attention should be proper handling of pesticide packaging .
Scientific use of pesticides application aids. Already contains a certain pesticide formulations surface active agents , but the control objects, with different stages , processing different quality , different choice of water , in order to improve the wetting liquid spreader spray performance and increase efficacy , often need to add some application aids.
Scientific evaluation of the control effect . Insecticide and acaricide efficacy of performance at different times can be divided into two types of fast-acting and holding effect , in particular, garden water sprayer an insect growth regulator type , the efficacy of play slow ; fungicides against the principle can be divided according to Prevention within the suction treatment and protection are two, for the purpose of protecting agent is prevention , after the onset of therapeutic agents can be targeted therapies ; herbicide efficacy of different treatment time divided by pre-emergence and leaf handle both . For this reason, in the evaluation of efficacy should be based on their characteristics , choose a different evaluation . These need to be done
Note : The main characteristics of the agent , hand sprayer a reminder that during storage , transport and use should pay attention to. At the same time , attention should be proper handling of pesticide packaging .
Scientific use of pesticides application aids. Already contains a certain pesticide formulations surface active agents , but the control objects, with different stages , processing different quality , different choice of water , in order to improve the wetting liquid spreader spray performance and increase efficacy , often need to add some application aids.
Scientific evaluation of the control effect . Insecticide and acaricide efficacy of performance at different times can be divided into two types of fast-acting and holding effect , in particular, garden water sprayer an insect growth regulator type , the efficacy of play slow ; fungicides against the principle can be divided according to Prevention within the suction treatment and protection are two, for the purpose of protecting agent is prevention , after the onset of therapeutic agents can be targeted therapies ; herbicide efficacy of different treatment time divided by pre-emergence and leaf handle both . For this reason, in the evaluation of efficacy should be based on their characteristics , choose a different evaluation . These need to be done
Rice herbicide injury prevention
In the rice growth process, timely weed killer sprayer spraying Brassinolide regulate , enhance plant resistance to diseases, to reduce the incidence of disease . Brassica cable lactone has a strong physiological activity , which can activate the physiological activity of rice to improve rice photosynthesis, enhanced rice stress tolerance, disease resistance , and promote rice growth , and can effectively prevent sheath blight , rice blast and other diseases place.
Rice injury prevention , in addition to the insect pest forecasting based on plant protection departments to choose the appropriate pesticide conditions , and in accordance with the full requirements of the specification suitable period for evenly spraying water outside , backpack weed sprayers spraying can be added while Brassinolide together spraying. The test showed that Brassinolide with some neutral weak acid insecticidal, fungicidal and other drugs used in combination f Queensland , has obvious synergies. In the case of the same dosage , mixed together with spraying Brassinolide more significant control effect , can effectively avoid excessive pesticide phytotoxicity on crops .
Rice injury prevention , in addition to the insect pest forecasting based on plant protection departments to choose the appropriate pesticide conditions , and in accordance with the full requirements of the specification suitable period for evenly spraying water outside , backpack weed sprayers spraying can be added while Brassinolide together spraying. The test showed that Brassinolide with some neutral weak acid insecticidal, fungicidal and other drugs used in combination f Queensland , has obvious synergies. In the case of the same dosage , mixed together with spraying Brassinolide more significant control effect , can effectively avoid excessive pesticide phytotoxicity on crops .
Herbicide injury diagnosis
Due to steep rice roots, nutrient deficiency or pest , and sometimes there will be similar with herbicide injury symptoms , but through research and analysis , you can still determine whether they are herbicide injury .
From the amount of pesticide low pressure sprayer spraying periods and judgment
If application time after transplanting of rice l ~ 2d, rice case sensitive , sometimes injury. Administered high doses of individual pesticide products are also prone to injury.
Check fertilizer, soil conditions
Irrigation after the drug is too deep ( immersion growing point ) , easy to produce injury . Check whether due to improper fertilization , or administration no decomposition of organic manure, green manure or straw waterlogged field caused by improper growth of plants adverse symptoms appear .
Check pests
Rice thrips and rice food rootworm hazards rice plants will grow shorter , small clusters , tip section tubular roll becomes brown, fibrous roots short . Ordinary rice dwarf virus symptoms are mainly yellow leaves and withered volumes, dwarf plants , began to fade from the top tip , plaques appear broken , but the veins remain green , leaf green and yellow stripes often has the obvious .
Look around fruit tree sprayer spraying seedlings growing
After the normal green rice transplanting ( Li Miao ) , after application such as abnormal symptoms, and adjacent seedling quality with the same species of other plots seedlings grew normally , this may be caused by injury .
From the amount of pesticide low pressure sprayer spraying periods and judgment
If application time after transplanting of rice l ~ 2d, rice case sensitive , sometimes injury. Administered high doses of individual pesticide products are also prone to injury.
Check fertilizer, soil conditions
Irrigation after the drug is too deep ( immersion growing point ) , easy to produce injury . Check whether due to improper fertilization , or administration no decomposition of organic manure, green manure or straw waterlogged field caused by improper growth of plants adverse symptoms appear .
Check pests
Rice thrips and rice food rootworm hazards rice plants will grow shorter , small clusters , tip section tubular roll becomes brown, fibrous roots short . Ordinary rice dwarf virus symptoms are mainly yellow leaves and withered volumes, dwarf plants , began to fade from the top tip , plaques appear broken , but the veins remain green , leaf green and yellow stripes often has the obvious .
Look around fruit tree sprayer spraying seedlings growing
After the normal green rice transplanting ( Li Miao ) , after application such as abnormal symptoms, and adjacent seedling quality with the same species of other plots seedlings grew normally , this may be caused by injury .
2013年9月17日星期二
Suggestions to improve the pesticide market
For the current pesticide market several major problems, I propose the following recommendations to improve the domestic pesticide usage.
1. Pesticide safety training efforts to increase scientific, training dealers and farmers awareness of safe medication. The grassroots agricultural workers, dealers and farmers for safe and rational use of pesticides knowledge and technology information and training, the formation of a scientific and rational use of pesticides conscious atmosphere. Meanwhile, for the occurrence and control of pests of different crops during the timely organization of scientific and technological personnel to go to the grassroots and providing technical guidance to carry out pollution prevention technology training to enable farmers not only master the techniques of scientific medicine,sprayer but also fully aware of the ecological environment and pesticide contamination harm the health of people.
2. The establishment of safe use of pesticides demonstration fields, visually guide the farmers medication safety. In the demonstration venue, in strict accordance with technical regulations, timely and rational use of pesticides, with minimal dose for maximum control effect, so not only cost effective, but also protect the ecology.
3. Introduction of testing new pesticides, and actively promote the new pesticides. Strengthen the new pesticide testing, demonstration and promotion, screening efficiency, low toxicity, low-residue pesticides, bio-pesticides, to replace the highly toxic, high residue pesticides. Expand insecticidal lamps, sex attractant agent physical, biological technology area, and actively carry out ecological controlling pests and biological control techniques popularized.
4. To promote the introduction of new Equipments, improve the utilization of pesticides. Spraying machine must accelerate the upgrading of application techniques while actively making improvements, changing the traditional high-volume, low-capacity large weed sprayer spray droplets and fine droplet spray. Establishment of specialized defense team, promote motorized sprayer, improve control and reduce pesticide waste and pollution.
5 Strengthening pesticide residue monitoring, production of pollution-free agricultural products. Pesticide residue monitoring job is to protect people's health needs, is to improve the competitiveness of agricultural exports needs, but also the sustainable development of China's agricultural needs. Look perfect as soon as possible pesticide residue testing equipment, staffing, will monitor pesticide residues as a key task.
6. Strengthen market management of pesticides. Pesticide management departments should strengthen law enforcement efforts to rectify the pesticide market, and resolutely fight against counterfeit pesticides, pesticide labels failed to purify pesticide marketing channels for the safe use of farmland to create a favorable market environment. Punished for violations, improve pesticide production, management, legal awareness of users, crack down on illegal production, management, use of pesticides behavior, to prevent illegal pesticide production, management and use, as to create conditions for the safe and rational use of pesticides.
1. Pesticide safety training efforts to increase scientific, training dealers and farmers awareness of safe medication. The grassroots agricultural workers, dealers and farmers for safe and rational use of pesticides knowledge and technology information and training, the formation of a scientific and rational use of pesticides conscious atmosphere. Meanwhile, for the occurrence and control of pests of different crops during the timely organization of scientific and technological personnel to go to the grassroots and providing technical guidance to carry out pollution prevention technology training to enable farmers not only master the techniques of scientific medicine,sprayer but also fully aware of the ecological environment and pesticide contamination harm the health of people.
2. The establishment of safe use of pesticides demonstration fields, visually guide the farmers medication safety. In the demonstration venue, in strict accordance with technical regulations, timely and rational use of pesticides, with minimal dose for maximum control effect, so not only cost effective, but also protect the ecology.
3. Introduction of testing new pesticides, and actively promote the new pesticides. Strengthen the new pesticide testing, demonstration and promotion, screening efficiency, low toxicity, low-residue pesticides, bio-pesticides, to replace the highly toxic, high residue pesticides. Expand insecticidal lamps, sex attractant agent physical, biological technology area, and actively carry out ecological controlling pests and biological control techniques popularized.
4. To promote the introduction of new Equipments, improve the utilization of pesticides. Spraying machine must accelerate the upgrading of application techniques while actively making improvements, changing the traditional high-volume, low-capacity large weed sprayer spray droplets and fine droplet spray. Establishment of specialized defense team, promote motorized sprayer, improve control and reduce pesticide waste and pollution.
5 Strengthening pesticide residue monitoring, production of pollution-free agricultural products. Pesticide residue monitoring job is to protect people's health needs, is to improve the competitiveness of agricultural exports needs, but also the sustainable development of China's agricultural needs. Look perfect as soon as possible pesticide residue testing equipment, staffing, will monitor pesticide residues as a key task.
6. Strengthen market management of pesticides. Pesticide management departments should strengthen law enforcement efforts to rectify the pesticide market, and resolutely fight against counterfeit pesticides, pesticide labels failed to purify pesticide marketing channels for the safe use of farmland to create a favorable market environment. Punished for violations, improve pesticide production, management, legal awareness of users, crack down on illegal production, management, use of pesticides behavior, to prevent illegal pesticide production, management and use, as to create conditions for the safe and rational use of pesticides.
Remove stagnant water flower seedlings against pests
Flowers to resume production after the disaster, the following points should take timely measures:
After the storm, the timely removal of pots, planting ground water, avoid prolonged flooding lead to suffocation, yellow leaves, ethylene production, leaf wilt appear carved, falling and so on. Flooded the park can dig drainage ditches or machinery. The park blocks on poor drainage should be dug in the garden outside several storage pits, portable power sprayer will pit water discharge. Flat on the waterlogged depressions parks, fields should be cultivated itself into a permanent bar or table fields.
Floods, soil compaction due to prolonged water and the soil organisms, organic matter, etc., due to anaerobic respiration and fermentation, there lees flavor, it would seriously affect root growth. Should be promptly removed weeds, and 1-2 times plowing (plowing depth should not be too deep, usually 15-20cm appropriate), to release excess moisture in soil, improve soil aeration prevents root suffocation.
Prolonged flooding, soil moisture is too large, easily lead to the occurrence of disease stems and roots, so the post-disaster pest control is particularly important. Such as disaster prone to downy mildew, gray mold, rot, disease, etc., should be strengthened in order to avoid the spread of disease prevention and control. Especially in the facility after breaking soil fertility in different environments, more prone to sunburn, blight, black spot disease, such as anthrax. Should be taken to branches painted white (to prevent sunburn and other stem diseases infection), trigger sprayer sprayed protective agents, such as foliar spray once thiophanate-methyl, carbendazim, chlorothalonil, so as to ensure that branches and leaves intact, and promote photosynthesis.
After the storm, the timely removal of pots, planting ground water, avoid prolonged flooding lead to suffocation, yellow leaves, ethylene production, leaf wilt appear carved, falling and so on. Flooded the park can dig drainage ditches or machinery. The park blocks on poor drainage should be dug in the garden outside several storage pits, portable power sprayer will pit water discharge. Flat on the waterlogged depressions parks, fields should be cultivated itself into a permanent bar or table fields.
Floods, soil compaction due to prolonged water and the soil organisms, organic matter, etc., due to anaerobic respiration and fermentation, there lees flavor, it would seriously affect root growth. Should be promptly removed weeds, and 1-2 times plowing (plowing depth should not be too deep, usually 15-20cm appropriate), to release excess moisture in soil, improve soil aeration prevents root suffocation.
Prolonged flooding, soil moisture is too large, easily lead to the occurrence of disease stems and roots, so the post-disaster pest control is particularly important. Such as disaster prone to downy mildew, gray mold, rot, disease, etc., should be strengthened in order to avoid the spread of disease prevention and control. Especially in the facility after breaking soil fertility in different environments, more prone to sunburn, blight, black spot disease, such as anthrax. Should be taken to branches painted white (to prevent sunburn and other stem diseases infection), trigger sprayer sprayed protective agents, such as foliar spray once thiophanate-methyl, carbendazim, chlorothalonil, so as to ensure that branches and leaves intact, and promote photosynthesis.
Vegetable pests spraying techniques
Wide variety of vegetable pests, but can be summarized as suck juices, fresh leafy and boring classes three categories. Each type of pest habits are not the same. According to their character and individuality as well as the growth characteristics of the host, targeted spraying control, make direct contact with the parasite agents, achieve better control effect.
1, spraying techniques and pest infestation habits and living habits are closely related to aphids suck juices and some leaf-eating pests concentrated in the dorsal and twigs parasitic infestation, it should be a "little circle" approach to spraying, namely spray nozzles garden sprayers spray plant leaves bear the first lap, and then spray it buckle in the tender head, thus making contact with all pharmaceutical plants and parasites, to receive better control effect. Spodoptera exigua, beet armyworm larvae daytime hiding old phenomenon, so the growing season spraying control such pests, preferably in the evening. Borer pests cabbage webworm spraying time must be at the peak of hatching.
2, spraying technology but also with the growth characteristics of the host is closely related to the summer cowpea flowering time around in the morning 7:30-10:30, after all this time its petals closed. Cowpea early instar larvae borer infestation dispersed or concentrated, tree sprayer spraying at 9:00 in front as well, so that we can make more fully exposed to the parasite agents, or missed opportunities. Kale leaves covered with a layer of wax, with a biological insecticide Bt Pieris rapae, often adding 0.1% in liquid detergent, the purpose is to reduce the surface tension of the liquid evenly distributed in the leaves, improve control effect.
1, spraying techniques and pest infestation habits and living habits are closely related to aphids suck juices and some leaf-eating pests concentrated in the dorsal and twigs parasitic infestation, it should be a "little circle" approach to spraying, namely spray nozzles garden sprayers spray plant leaves bear the first lap, and then spray it buckle in the tender head, thus making contact with all pharmaceutical plants and parasites, to receive better control effect. Spodoptera exigua, beet armyworm larvae daytime hiding old phenomenon, so the growing season spraying control such pests, preferably in the evening. Borer pests cabbage webworm spraying time must be at the peak of hatching.
2, spraying technology but also with the growth characteristics of the host is closely related to the summer cowpea flowering time around in the morning 7:30-10:30, after all this time its petals closed. Cowpea early instar larvae borer infestation dispersed or concentrated, tree sprayer spraying at 9:00 in front as well, so that we can make more fully exposed to the parasite agents, or missed opportunities. Kale leaves covered with a layer of wax, with a biological insecticide Bt Pieris rapae, often adding 0.1% in liquid detergent, the purpose is to reduce the surface tension of the liquid evenly distributed in the leaves, improve control effect.
2013年9月13日星期五
Paraquat and fine grasses g can not be ignored
Paraquat is a herbicide quick Destuctive tag , can be used in no-till corn or late adult weeding weeds . Wheat harvest , without plowing , direct sowing corn per acre with 15% pre-emergence agent
265 ~ 400 ml, watered 20-30 kg back pack sprayer spray. Do not let 24 hours after spraying spraying livestock into the area . People wrongly poisoning should immediately induce vomiting and sent to hospital for treatment .
Quizalofop ( fine grasses g )
( A ) the cause of the injury . Stem and leaf processing corn Quizalofop sensitive , mistakenly applied or adjacent land spraying, spray drift to corn plants will produce injury.
( Two ) phytotoxicity symptoms. With herbicides stems, leaves processed , beginning chlorotic leaf base from the heart , leaves appear water-soaked spots, yellow purple and gradually dry up . Base necrosis , gently pull that one off from the leaf base , broken occurring after soaked brown . Seedlings dead about two weeks .
( Three ) injury prevention and mitigation measures . Quizalofop not be used for corn . Neighboring land administered Quizalofop should allow enough distance isolation belt, pay attention to wind direction and speed when spraying , to prevent the liquid float moves cornfield. Once water pressure sprayer spraying serious and should be promptly replant.
265 ~ 400 ml, watered 20-30 kg back pack sprayer spray. Do not let 24 hours after spraying spraying livestock into the area . People wrongly poisoning should immediately induce vomiting and sent to hospital for treatment .
Quizalofop ( fine grasses g )
( A ) the cause of the injury . Stem and leaf processing corn Quizalofop sensitive , mistakenly applied or adjacent land spraying, spray drift to corn plants will produce injury.
( Two ) phytotoxicity symptoms. With herbicides stems, leaves processed , beginning chlorotic leaf base from the heart , leaves appear water-soaked spots, yellow purple and gradually dry up . Base necrosis , gently pull that one off from the leaf base , broken occurring after soaked brown . Seedlings dead about two weeks .
( Three ) injury prevention and mitigation measures . Quizalofop not be used for corn . Neighboring land administered Quizalofop should allow enough distance isolation belt, pay attention to wind direction and speed when spraying , to prevent the liquid float moves cornfield. Once water pressure sprayer spraying serious and should be promptly replant.
Rice pesticide use but also can be to
Dressing method .
Dressing method is the pharmaceutical and seed evenly mixed together , so that the seed surface covered with a layer of powder or emulsion , for the control of soil pests , insects and seed-borne diseases seedling method of application . This method is suitable for dusts, wettable powders, emulsifiable concentrates , liquid dosage forms , with high efficiency, good control effect , no effect on the natural enemies , without water restrictions, etc. . In powder dressing , can be placed on pesticides and seed dressing , or other apparatus within the uniform mixing . With wettable powders, emulsifiable concentrates or aqueous dressing should press with a good proportion of dilution liquid, then spray the liquid spray to the seed , while spraying edge mix . After dressing , preferably 2 to 3 days pile boring , so that agents are sufficiently adsorbed seeds , pesticides due performance in order to play .
Dipping method .
Dipping method is to pesticides diluted with water , put the seeds or seedlings soaked in liquid , that the seed and seedling absorption and adhesion some agents, for the control of pests and diseases , and promote seedling root bud development . This method is suitable for cream, liquid, wettable powder formulations , with flower workers less seedling effect, with less pesticides and other advantages.
Bait method .
Bait method is to use bait ( various grains , bran, sugar , potatoes, cooking oil residue , etc. ) and their counterparts with stomach toxicity pesticide mixing bait , scattered in the fields, for the control of soil pests , rodents application methods .
This method is suitable for dusts, wettable powders, emulsifiable concentrates , liquid dosage forms . When in use, should be selected palatable food prepared fresh bait , and according to the feeding habits of insects and rodents , on a sunny day early in the morning or evening Bait . Adding crop seedling baits usually in the evenings or rain , fruit tree sprayer the effect is better.
Fumigation .
Fumigation method is the use of fumigants or easily volatile agents produced a sterilizing gas to insecticide spraying method . This method is suitable for warehouses, greenhouses , soil or crop lush place , with anti -efficient, fast-acting , etc., but the operation is technically demanding, spraying conditions are more stringent . Fumigation in the warehouse , to ensure a good seal , should be adequately ventilated after fumigation , the gas escapes . Soil fumigation , the effect can be closed with water , i.e. in the treated soil surface layer of water spray , can delay the fumigant to escape. Between the lines in the crop fumigation , should choose dense crops and appropriate temperature conditions , a sunny day .
Fumigation method .
Fumigation method is to smoke or ignite fuming fuming original drug to direct heat application methods of pest control . This method is suitable for use in a closed environment ( such as warehouses ,manual sprayer greenhouses ) or canopy high places, such as the growth of field crops later use . Pharmaceutical form of smoke gas diffusion have better penetration and proper settlement of space to stay longer, but not overly floating drift , so as to achieve good results.
Dressing method is the pharmaceutical and seed evenly mixed together , so that the seed surface covered with a layer of powder or emulsion , for the control of soil pests , insects and seed-borne diseases seedling method of application . This method is suitable for dusts, wettable powders, emulsifiable concentrates , liquid dosage forms , with high efficiency, good control effect , no effect on the natural enemies , without water restrictions, etc. . In powder dressing , can be placed on pesticides and seed dressing , or other apparatus within the uniform mixing . With wettable powders, emulsifiable concentrates or aqueous dressing should press with a good proportion of dilution liquid, then spray the liquid spray to the seed , while spraying edge mix . After dressing , preferably 2 to 3 days pile boring , so that agents are sufficiently adsorbed seeds , pesticides due performance in order to play .
Dipping method .
Dipping method is to pesticides diluted with water , put the seeds or seedlings soaked in liquid , that the seed and seedling absorption and adhesion some agents, for the control of pests and diseases , and promote seedling root bud development . This method is suitable for cream, liquid, wettable powder formulations , with flower workers less seedling effect, with less pesticides and other advantages.
Bait method .
Bait method is to use bait ( various grains , bran, sugar , potatoes, cooking oil residue , etc. ) and their counterparts with stomach toxicity pesticide mixing bait , scattered in the fields, for the control of soil pests , rodents application methods .
This method is suitable for dusts, wettable powders, emulsifiable concentrates , liquid dosage forms . When in use, should be selected palatable food prepared fresh bait , and according to the feeding habits of insects and rodents , on a sunny day early in the morning or evening Bait . Adding crop seedling baits usually in the evenings or rain , fruit tree sprayer the effect is better.
Fumigation .
Fumigation method is the use of fumigants or easily volatile agents produced a sterilizing gas to insecticide spraying method . This method is suitable for warehouses, greenhouses , soil or crop lush place , with anti -efficient, fast-acting , etc., but the operation is technically demanding, spraying conditions are more stringent . Fumigation in the warehouse , to ensure a good seal , should be adequately ventilated after fumigation , the gas escapes . Soil fumigation , the effect can be closed with water , i.e. in the treated soil surface layer of water spray , can delay the fumigant to escape. Between the lines in the crop fumigation , should choose dense crops and appropriate temperature conditions , a sunny day .
Fumigation method .
Fumigation method is to smoke or ignite fuming fuming original drug to direct heat application methods of pest control . This method is suitable for use in a closed environment ( such as warehouses ,manual sprayer greenhouses ) or canopy high places, such as the growth of field crops later use . Pharmaceutical form of smoke gas diffusion have better penetration and proper settlement of space to stay longer, but not overly floating drift , so as to achieve good results.
2013年9月11日星期三
Hot season spraying pesticides security can not be taken lightly
In the spraying period not drinking, smoking , drinking , eating , etc., can not be directly Cazui hands , face, eyes, absolutely not allowed to spray each other frolic . Wash thoroughly with soap after household sprayer spraying hands, face and mouth , pesticide-contaminated work clothes to be washed and replacement bulbs . Pesticide spraying operations staff time per day is generally not more than six hours .
Applying excessive toxicity , pesticide poisoning obvious place to erect signs within a certain time ( harvest interval ) prohibit grazing , harvesting , to prevent livestock poisoning . And pay attention to compliance with the relevant provisions of the safe use of pesticides is prohibited highly toxic pesticides in vegetables, fruit , tea and other use .
After spraying sprayer should be cleaned and kept clean and safe custody ; Guo Cheng Zhongsheng preparation and handling of pesticides packaging materials , centralized processing , nor for holding grain, oil, wine, water and other food and feed.
After water power sprayer spraying fruit and other vegetable crops , must be in a safe interval after harvesting and consumption. To soak and rinse before eating to eliminate pesticide residues in vegetables .
With special chemical properties and performance of pesticides, must be read carefully prior pesticide label on the package , in accordance with label precautions for personal protection and operation.
Applying excessive toxicity , pesticide poisoning obvious place to erect signs within a certain time ( harvest interval ) prohibit grazing , harvesting , to prevent livestock poisoning . And pay attention to compliance with the relevant provisions of the safe use of pesticides is prohibited highly toxic pesticides in vegetables, fruit , tea and other use .
After spraying sprayer should be cleaned and kept clean and safe custody ; Guo Cheng Zhongsheng preparation and handling of pesticides packaging materials , centralized processing , nor for holding grain, oil, wine, water and other food and feed.
After water power sprayer spraying fruit and other vegetable crops , must be in a safe interval after harvesting and consumption. To soak and rinse before eating to eliminate pesticide residues in vegetables .
With special chemical properties and performance of pesticides, must be read carefully prior pesticide label on the package , in accordance with label precautions for personal protection and operation.
Suggestions to improve the pesticide market
For the current pesticide market several major problems , make the following recommendations in order to improve domestic pesticide usage.
1 . Pesticide safety training efforts to increase scientific , training dealers and farmers awareness of safe medication . The grassroots agricultural workers , dealers and farmers for safe and rational use of pesticides knowledge and technology information and training , agricultural sprayers the formation of a scientific and rational use of pesticides conscious atmosphere. Meanwhile, for the occurrence and control of pests of different crops during the timely organization of scientific and technological personnel to go to the grassroots and providing technical guidance to carry out pollution prevention technology training to enable farmers not only master the techniques of scientific medicine , but also fully aware of the ecological environment and pesticide contamination harm the health of people .
2 . The establishment of safe use of pesticides demonstration fields, visually guide the farmers medication safety . In the demonstration venue , in strict accordance with technical regulations , timely and rational use of pesticides , with minimal dose for maximum control effect, so not only cost effective , but also protect the ecology.
3 . Introduction of testing new pesticides, and actively promote the new pesticides. Strengthen the new pesticide testing, demonstration and promotion , screening efficiency, low toxicity , low-residue pesticides, bio-pesticides, to replace the highly toxic , high residue pesticides. Expand insecticidal lamps , sex attractant agent physical , biological technology area , and actively carry out ecological controlling pests and biological control techniques popularized .
4 . To promote the introduction of new Equipments , improve the utilization of pesticides . Spraying machine must accelerate the upgrading of application techniques while actively making improvements , changing the traditional high-volume, low -capacity large tree sprayer spray droplets and fine droplet spray . Establishment of specialized defense team , promote motorized sprayer , improve control and reduce pesticide waste and pollution.
5 Strengthening pesticide residue monitoring, production of pollution-free agricultural products. Pesticide residue monitoring job is to protect people's health needs, is to improve the competitiveness of agricultural exports needs, but also the sustainable development of China's agricultural needs . Look perfect as soon as possible pesticide residue testing equipment, staffing , will monitor pesticide residues as a key task .
6 . Strengthen market management of pesticides . Pesticide management departments should strengthen law enforcement efforts to rectify the pesticide market , and resolutely fight against counterfeit pesticides, pesticide labels failed to purify pesticide marketing channels for the safe use of farmland to create a favorable market environment. Punished for violations , improve pesticide production, management, legal awareness of users , crack down on illegal production, management, use of pesticides behavior , to prevent illegal pesticide production, management and use , as to create conditions for the safe and rational use of pesticides .
1 . Pesticide safety training efforts to increase scientific , training dealers and farmers awareness of safe medication . The grassroots agricultural workers , dealers and farmers for safe and rational use of pesticides knowledge and technology information and training , agricultural sprayers the formation of a scientific and rational use of pesticides conscious atmosphere. Meanwhile, for the occurrence and control of pests of different crops during the timely organization of scientific and technological personnel to go to the grassroots and providing technical guidance to carry out pollution prevention technology training to enable farmers not only master the techniques of scientific medicine , but also fully aware of the ecological environment and pesticide contamination harm the health of people .
2 . The establishment of safe use of pesticides demonstration fields, visually guide the farmers medication safety . In the demonstration venue , in strict accordance with technical regulations , timely and rational use of pesticides , with minimal dose for maximum control effect, so not only cost effective , but also protect the ecology.
3 . Introduction of testing new pesticides, and actively promote the new pesticides. Strengthen the new pesticide testing, demonstration and promotion , screening efficiency, low toxicity , low-residue pesticides, bio-pesticides, to replace the highly toxic , high residue pesticides. Expand insecticidal lamps , sex attractant agent physical , biological technology area , and actively carry out ecological controlling pests and biological control techniques popularized .
4 . To promote the introduction of new Equipments , improve the utilization of pesticides . Spraying machine must accelerate the upgrading of application techniques while actively making improvements , changing the traditional high-volume, low -capacity large tree sprayer spray droplets and fine droplet spray . Establishment of specialized defense team , promote motorized sprayer , improve control and reduce pesticide waste and pollution.
5 Strengthening pesticide residue monitoring, production of pollution-free agricultural products. Pesticide residue monitoring job is to protect people's health needs, is to improve the competitiveness of agricultural exports needs, but also the sustainable development of China's agricultural needs . Look perfect as soon as possible pesticide residue testing equipment, staffing , will monitor pesticide residues as a key task .
6 . Strengthen market management of pesticides . Pesticide management departments should strengthen law enforcement efforts to rectify the pesticide market , and resolutely fight against counterfeit pesticides, pesticide labels failed to purify pesticide marketing channels for the safe use of farmland to create a favorable market environment. Punished for violations , improve pesticide production, management, legal awareness of users , crack down on illegal production, management, use of pesticides behavior , to prevent illegal pesticide production, management and use , as to create conditions for the safe and rational use of pesticides .
You have mastered the method of preparation of pesticide yet
Should adopt the "second law " dilute pesticides.
( 1 ) diluted with water with a small amount of water pesticide pesticide formulation was diluted to a " mother liquor " , and then " mother liquor " diluted to the desired concentration .
( 2 ) mixed with soil , back pack sprayers sand and other pesticide applicator : should be diluted with a small amount of carrier ( fine soil, sand, solid fertilizers , etc. ) will be uniformly diluted pesticide formulations "Mother powder" , and then diluted to the desired amount .
Note dispensing safety . Preparation of pesticides should be away from residential areas , livestock barn and water places , with the use of agents with the distribution . Has been taken as far as possible with a good solution should be sealed spraying approach day spent the day with a good solution . On the rest of the pesticide should be installed after the closure safely stored in their original packaging may not be transferred to other packaging , such as beverage bottles or food packaging.
Amount of the cap can not be used with water with pesticides or dispensing barrel , home garden sprayer the barrel is not applied directly to the liquid containing water ditch , who can by hand or arm extended liquid, powder or granules stirring .
( 1 ) diluted with water with a small amount of water pesticide pesticide formulation was diluted to a " mother liquor " , and then " mother liquor " diluted to the desired concentration .
( 2 ) mixed with soil , back pack sprayers sand and other pesticide applicator : should be diluted with a small amount of carrier ( fine soil, sand, solid fertilizers , etc. ) will be uniformly diluted pesticide formulations "Mother powder" , and then diluted to the desired amount .
Note dispensing safety . Preparation of pesticides should be away from residential areas , livestock barn and water places , with the use of agents with the distribution . Has been taken as far as possible with a good solution should be sealed spraying approach day spent the day with a good solution . On the rest of the pesticide should be installed after the closure safely stored in their original packaging may not be transferred to other packaging , such as beverage bottles or food packaging.
Amount of the cap can not be used with water with pesticides or dispensing barrel , home garden sprayer the barrel is not applied directly to the liquid containing water ditch , who can by hand or arm extended liquid, powder or granules stirring .
Lawn Weeds against these can not be ignored
Improved application techniques . Herbicide spraying must be uniform , we can not re-spray , it can not leak spray . If adjacent plots are herbicide sensitive plants , will have to take quarantine measures , remember when the wind is not spraying so as to endanger the adjacent sensitive crops . Sprayed drug use bleach rinse the sprayer after a few times and then further use on other plants . Herbicide farm sprayers is best dedicated to avoid hurting other crops .
Herbicides strictly against the water . Wo to eliminate , for example, the normal amount of 90 ml per acre , requires watered 30 kg , or two spray water , then the concentration of effective weed herbicide concentration . Excessive water , herbicide concentration is low , it will affect the herbicidal effect ; water is too small, the herbicide at high concentrations, inhibit the growth of grass light in weight is likely to cause injury ; therefore , spraying herbicides must be in strict accordance with the instructions against water , you can use the graduated cylinder , beaker assist weighing, try to make it cool and accurate.
In addition, high organic matter content of the soil particle size , herbicide adsorption capacity , and soil microbes and more vigorous activities , drug dose is degraded , may be appropriate to increase the dosage ; while loamy coarse sand , the adsorption amount of pharmaceutical small pharmaceutical molecules in the soil particles are mostly free state , activity, prone to injury , the dosage can be reduced appropriately .
Most herbicides in alkaline soil stability, not degrade , so Vinca longer easy to Succeeding seedlings produce injury ,perfume sprayer should be sprayed on the type of soil in advance as possible , and use caution.
With respect to chemical weeding operations, generally speaking spraying to do five to see : a look at the size of the lawn recruits , two to see how much weed leaf , three to see if the weather is sunny, dry and four to see the soil moist , sandy soil five to see who is stronger adhesive .
Herbicides strictly against the water . Wo to eliminate , for example, the normal amount of 90 ml per acre , requires watered 30 kg , or two spray water , then the concentration of effective weed herbicide concentration . Excessive water , herbicide concentration is low , it will affect the herbicidal effect ; water is too small, the herbicide at high concentrations, inhibit the growth of grass light in weight is likely to cause injury ; therefore , spraying herbicides must be in strict accordance with the instructions against water , you can use the graduated cylinder , beaker assist weighing, try to make it cool and accurate.
In addition, high organic matter content of the soil particle size , herbicide adsorption capacity , and soil microbes and more vigorous activities , drug dose is degraded , may be appropriate to increase the dosage ; while loamy coarse sand , the adsorption amount of pharmaceutical small pharmaceutical molecules in the soil particles are mostly free state , activity, prone to injury , the dosage can be reduced appropriately .
Most herbicides in alkaline soil stability, not degrade , so Vinca longer easy to Succeeding seedlings produce injury ,perfume sprayer should be sprayed on the type of soil in advance as possible , and use caution.
With respect to chemical weeding operations, generally speaking spraying to do five to see : a look at the size of the lawn recruits , two to see how much weed leaf , three to see if the weather is sunny, dry and four to see the soil moist , sandy soil five to see who is stronger adhesive .
2013年9月9日星期一
Potted flowers three common fertilization methods
The growth of potted flowers , in addition to light, temperature , air and moisture necessary conditions , should also have adequate nutrient supply . No matter how good is the soil , after a certain period of time after planting , soil nutrients are exhausted. If you do not replenish fertilizers , flowers, plants will appear emaciated , garden sprayers dead leaves and other phenomena . Thus , fertilization is potted flowers critical conservation process a job. So when fertilization, how fertilization in order to achieve better results?
Generally, fertilization methods commonly used in home gardening has the following three ways:
Basal: Huanpen in the nursery and pre- composting process will be a good fertilizer , mixed according to a certain proportion of the soil, in order to provide long-term growth needs of a method. Fertilizer commonly used to produce their own organic fertilizer , such as the maturity of the cake , bone meal, fried melon seeds , the effect is very good. It should be noted , do not let the roots of flowers to the fertilizer in direct contact , it will easily burn the plants due to hypertrophy .
Dressing: in flowers during the growing season , because the basin is limited, basal lost strength after a long time , can no longer provide adequate nutrition of plants . At this time during the growing season will be based on the needs of different flowers , selective complement a variety of fertilizers. Can also be used with fertilizer organic fertilizer . When the use of fertilizers , plant stems to avoid , sprinkle in the basin ; or watering the fertilizer diluted . Fertilizer use is simple, effective but also fast, but prolonged use causes basin compaction, soil permeability is poor. The homemade organic fertilizer nutrients than the whole, fertilizer long , but also improve the soil , where suggest that you use organic fertilizers , minimize the use of fertilizers. Using homemade organic fertilizer can be diluted with water after watering , you can also shallow around the plant , the same should also avoid the rhizomes.
Foliar fertilization: This method can be managed in time to save for negligence , malnutrition and other phenomena of plants . Convenient and cost-effective . Is diluted to a certain percentage of the fertilizer , the use of flower sprayer spray sprayed directly on the foliage of plants , is absorbed by the leaf .
In addition, the fertilization process but also pay attention to the timing: fertilizer and foliar fertilization , to dry soil in the pot when , when plants absorb best. Even before the first tillage fertilization , so in order to facilitate the rapid infiltration of fertilizer , reducing fertilizer losses.
Generally, fertilization methods commonly used in home gardening has the following three ways:
Basal: Huanpen in the nursery and pre- composting process will be a good fertilizer , mixed according to a certain proportion of the soil, in order to provide long-term growth needs of a method. Fertilizer commonly used to produce their own organic fertilizer , such as the maturity of the cake , bone meal, fried melon seeds , the effect is very good. It should be noted , do not let the roots of flowers to the fertilizer in direct contact , it will easily burn the plants due to hypertrophy .
Dressing: in flowers during the growing season , because the basin is limited, basal lost strength after a long time , can no longer provide adequate nutrition of plants . At this time during the growing season will be based on the needs of different flowers , selective complement a variety of fertilizers. Can also be used with fertilizer organic fertilizer . When the use of fertilizers , plant stems to avoid , sprinkle in the basin ; or watering the fertilizer diluted . Fertilizer use is simple, effective but also fast, but prolonged use causes basin compaction, soil permeability is poor. The homemade organic fertilizer nutrients than the whole, fertilizer long , but also improve the soil , where suggest that you use organic fertilizers , minimize the use of fertilizers. Using homemade organic fertilizer can be diluted with water after watering , you can also shallow around the plant , the same should also avoid the rhizomes.
Foliar fertilization: This method can be managed in time to save for negligence , malnutrition and other phenomena of plants . Convenient and cost-effective . Is diluted to a certain percentage of the fertilizer , the use of flower sprayer spray sprayed directly on the foliage of plants , is absorbed by the leaf .
In addition, the fertilization process but also pay attention to the timing: fertilizer and foliar fertilization , to dry soil in the pot when , when plants absorb best. Even before the first tillage fertilization , so in order to facilitate the rapid infiltration of fertilizer , reducing fertilizer losses.
Low volume sprayer Precautions
( 1 ) Preparation before use . In the use of ultra low volume sprayer , you should check the machine parts are complete, installed correctly , the connection part is solid and reliable, the cage rotation is flexible and comfortable ; adding gasoline to the engine and engine oil mixed oil dubbed , should Xianxiang liquid tank and add water spray test and observe the tank and the liquid flows through the pipe without leaking, tumble spray droplets are normal ; before use, but also according to control objects in under the guidance of professional and technical personnel selection type of chemicals and formulations to suit ultra-low volume spraying should prevail. The drugs available household sprayer throttle control .
( 2 ) using the operation. Spraying pesticides , machinery parts subject to normal operation , the operator first walking, then open the infusion switch, while walking to always keep the same speed , stop spraying, first turn off the infusion switch, and then be shut down. When spraying , pay attention to the prevailing wind direction downwind should begin to try the spray direction consistent with the natural wind direction , wind spraying is not allowed . Field spraying application side spray technology, not facing the nozzle orifice crops, but crops have a certain angle , the angle depending on the size of the natural wind speed to be, the principle is the wind speed , the angle should be large , wind -hour angle to small . Spraying time should not be selected in the hot noon , natural wind is greater than 3 , should not be implemented ultra low volume spray. In warehouses , greenhouses , etc. When spraying spray time not too long , in order to prevent occurrence of poisoning people . When the spray liquid into the cage of the bearing part , should bearings removed, cleaned with kerosene or gasoline , according to the instructions in the bearing interior requirements add some molybdenum disulfide solid lubricant or calcium based grease lubricated , and then install the cage ; in tree sprayer spraying, nozzle atomizer tumble do not touch crops, in order to prevent damage to the cage ; join the tank liquid not too full , to prevent overflow , if the overflow , immediately wash clean. After each use , to the tank , the residual liquid infusion tube release , the whole machine wipe clean ; spray after the operation , in custody prior to collection , in addition to the tank , the liquid inside a clean residual oil poured outside , but also a comprehensive cleaning, metal parts to rust oil painting , and then stored in a cool ventilated .
( 2 ) using the operation. Spraying pesticides , machinery parts subject to normal operation , the operator first walking, then open the infusion switch, while walking to always keep the same speed , stop spraying, first turn off the infusion switch, and then be shut down. When spraying , pay attention to the prevailing wind direction downwind should begin to try the spray direction consistent with the natural wind direction , wind spraying is not allowed . Field spraying application side spray technology, not facing the nozzle orifice crops, but crops have a certain angle , the angle depending on the size of the natural wind speed to be, the principle is the wind speed , the angle should be large , wind -hour angle to small . Spraying time should not be selected in the hot noon , natural wind is greater than 3 , should not be implemented ultra low volume spray. In warehouses , greenhouses , etc. When spraying spray time not too long , in order to prevent occurrence of poisoning people . When the spray liquid into the cage of the bearing part , should bearings removed, cleaned with kerosene or gasoline , according to the instructions in the bearing interior requirements add some molybdenum disulfide solid lubricant or calcium based grease lubricated , and then install the cage ; in tree sprayer spraying, nozzle atomizer tumble do not touch crops, in order to prevent damage to the cage ; join the tank liquid not too full , to prevent overflow , if the overflow , immediately wash clean. After each use , to the tank , the residual liquid infusion tube release , the whole machine wipe clean ; spray after the operation , in custody prior to collection , in addition to the tank , the liquid inside a clean residual oil poured outside , but also a comprehensive cleaning, metal parts to rust oil painting , and then stored in a cool ventilated .
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