For the current pesticide market several major problems , make the following recommendations in order to improve domestic pesticide usage.
1 . Pesticide safety training efforts to increase scientific , training dealers and farmers awareness of safe medication . The grassroots agricultural workers , dealers and farmers for safe and rational use of pesticides knowledge and technology information and training , agricultural sprayers the formation of a scientific and rational use of pesticides conscious atmosphere. Meanwhile, for the occurrence and control of pests of different crops during the timely organization of scientific and technological personnel to go to the grassroots and providing technical guidance to carry out pollution prevention technology training to enable farmers not only master the techniques of scientific medicine , but also fully aware of the ecological environment and pesticide contamination harm the health of people .
2 . The establishment of safe use of pesticides demonstration fields, visually guide the farmers medication safety . In the demonstration venue , in strict accordance with technical regulations , timely and rational use of pesticides , with minimal dose for maximum control effect, so not only cost effective , but also protect the ecology.
3 . Introduction of testing new pesticides, and actively promote the new pesticides. Strengthen the new pesticide testing, demonstration and promotion , screening efficiency, low toxicity , low-residue pesticides, bio-pesticides, to replace the highly toxic , high residue pesticides. Expand insecticidal lamps , sex attractant agent physical , biological technology area , and actively carry out ecological controlling pests and biological control techniques popularized .
4 . To promote the introduction of new Equipments , improve the utilization of pesticides . Spraying machine must accelerate the upgrading of application techniques while actively making improvements , changing the traditional high-volume, low -capacity large tree sprayer spray droplets and fine droplet spray . Establishment of specialized defense team , promote motorized sprayer , improve control and reduce pesticide waste and pollution.
5 Strengthening pesticide residue monitoring, production of pollution-free agricultural products. Pesticide residue monitoring job is to protect people's health needs, is to improve the competitiveness of agricultural exports needs, but also the sustainable development of China's agricultural needs . Look perfect as soon as possible pesticide residue testing equipment, staffing , will monitor pesticide residues as a key task .
6 . Strengthen market management of pesticides . Pesticide management departments should strengthen law enforcement efforts to rectify the pesticide market , and resolutely fight against counterfeit pesticides, pesticide labels failed to purify pesticide marketing channels for the safe use of farmland to create a favorable market environment. Punished for violations , improve pesticide production, management, legal awareness of users , crack down on illegal production, management, use of pesticides behavior , to prevent illegal pesticide production, management and use , as to create conditions for the safe and rational use of pesticides .
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2013年9月11日星期三
You have mastered the method of preparation of pesticide yet
Should adopt the "second law " dilute pesticides.
( 1 ) diluted with water with a small amount of water pesticide pesticide formulation was diluted to a " mother liquor " , and then " mother liquor " diluted to the desired concentration .
( 2 ) mixed with soil , back pack sprayers sand and other pesticide applicator : should be diluted with a small amount of carrier ( fine soil, sand, solid fertilizers , etc. ) will be uniformly diluted pesticide formulations "Mother powder" , and then diluted to the desired amount .
Note dispensing safety . Preparation of pesticides should be away from residential areas , livestock barn and water places , with the use of agents with the distribution . Has been taken as far as possible with a good solution should be sealed spraying approach day spent the day with a good solution . On the rest of the pesticide should be installed after the closure safely stored in their original packaging may not be transferred to other packaging , such as beverage bottles or food packaging.
Amount of the cap can not be used with water with pesticides or dispensing barrel , home garden sprayer the barrel is not applied directly to the liquid containing water ditch , who can by hand or arm extended liquid, powder or granules stirring .
( 1 ) diluted with water with a small amount of water pesticide pesticide formulation was diluted to a " mother liquor " , and then " mother liquor " diluted to the desired concentration .
( 2 ) mixed with soil , back pack sprayers sand and other pesticide applicator : should be diluted with a small amount of carrier ( fine soil, sand, solid fertilizers , etc. ) will be uniformly diluted pesticide formulations "Mother powder" , and then diluted to the desired amount .
Note dispensing safety . Preparation of pesticides should be away from residential areas , livestock barn and water places , with the use of agents with the distribution . Has been taken as far as possible with a good solution should be sealed spraying approach day spent the day with a good solution . On the rest of the pesticide should be installed after the closure safely stored in their original packaging may not be transferred to other packaging , such as beverage bottles or food packaging.
Amount of the cap can not be used with water with pesticides or dispensing barrel , home garden sprayer the barrel is not applied directly to the liquid containing water ditch , who can by hand or arm extended liquid, powder or granules stirring .
Lawn Weeds against these can not be ignored
Improved application techniques . Herbicide spraying must be uniform , we can not re-spray , it can not leak spray . If adjacent plots are herbicide sensitive plants , will have to take quarantine measures , remember when the wind is not spraying so as to endanger the adjacent sensitive crops . Sprayed drug use bleach rinse the sprayer after a few times and then further use on other plants . Herbicide farm sprayers is best dedicated to avoid hurting other crops .
Herbicides strictly against the water . Wo to eliminate , for example, the normal amount of 90 ml per acre , requires watered 30 kg , or two spray water , then the concentration of effective weed herbicide concentration . Excessive water , herbicide concentration is low , it will affect the herbicidal effect ; water is too small, the herbicide at high concentrations, inhibit the growth of grass light in weight is likely to cause injury ; therefore , spraying herbicides must be in strict accordance with the instructions against water , you can use the graduated cylinder , beaker assist weighing, try to make it cool and accurate.
In addition, high organic matter content of the soil particle size , herbicide adsorption capacity , and soil microbes and more vigorous activities , drug dose is degraded , may be appropriate to increase the dosage ; while loamy coarse sand , the adsorption amount of pharmaceutical small pharmaceutical molecules in the soil particles are mostly free state , activity, prone to injury , the dosage can be reduced appropriately .
Most herbicides in alkaline soil stability, not degrade , so Vinca longer easy to Succeeding seedlings produce injury ,perfume sprayer should be sprayed on the type of soil in advance as possible , and use caution.
With respect to chemical weeding operations, generally speaking spraying to do five to see : a look at the size of the lawn recruits , two to see how much weed leaf , three to see if the weather is sunny, dry and four to see the soil moist , sandy soil five to see who is stronger adhesive .
Herbicides strictly against the water . Wo to eliminate , for example, the normal amount of 90 ml per acre , requires watered 30 kg , or two spray water , then the concentration of effective weed herbicide concentration . Excessive water , herbicide concentration is low , it will affect the herbicidal effect ; water is too small, the herbicide at high concentrations, inhibit the growth of grass light in weight is likely to cause injury ; therefore , spraying herbicides must be in strict accordance with the instructions against water , you can use the graduated cylinder , beaker assist weighing, try to make it cool and accurate.
In addition, high organic matter content of the soil particle size , herbicide adsorption capacity , and soil microbes and more vigorous activities , drug dose is degraded , may be appropriate to increase the dosage ; while loamy coarse sand , the adsorption amount of pharmaceutical small pharmaceutical molecules in the soil particles are mostly free state , activity, prone to injury , the dosage can be reduced appropriately .
Most herbicides in alkaline soil stability, not degrade , so Vinca longer easy to Succeeding seedlings produce injury ,perfume sprayer should be sprayed on the type of soil in advance as possible , and use caution.
With respect to chemical weeding operations, generally speaking spraying to do five to see : a look at the size of the lawn recruits , two to see how much weed leaf , three to see if the weather is sunny, dry and four to see the soil moist , sandy soil five to see who is stronger adhesive .
2013年9月9日星期一
Potted flowers three common fertilization methods
The growth of potted flowers , in addition to light, temperature , air and moisture necessary conditions , should also have adequate nutrient supply . No matter how good is the soil , after a certain period of time after planting , soil nutrients are exhausted. If you do not replenish fertilizers , flowers, plants will appear emaciated , garden sprayers dead leaves and other phenomena . Thus , fertilization is potted flowers critical conservation process a job. So when fertilization, how fertilization in order to achieve better results?
Generally, fertilization methods commonly used in home gardening has the following three ways:
Basal: Huanpen in the nursery and pre- composting process will be a good fertilizer , mixed according to a certain proportion of the soil, in order to provide long-term growth needs of a method. Fertilizer commonly used to produce their own organic fertilizer , such as the maturity of the cake , bone meal, fried melon seeds , the effect is very good. It should be noted , do not let the roots of flowers to the fertilizer in direct contact , it will easily burn the plants due to hypertrophy .
Dressing: in flowers during the growing season , because the basin is limited, basal lost strength after a long time , can no longer provide adequate nutrition of plants . At this time during the growing season will be based on the needs of different flowers , selective complement a variety of fertilizers. Can also be used with fertilizer organic fertilizer . When the use of fertilizers , plant stems to avoid , sprinkle in the basin ; or watering the fertilizer diluted . Fertilizer use is simple, effective but also fast, but prolonged use causes basin compaction, soil permeability is poor. The homemade organic fertilizer nutrients than the whole, fertilizer long , but also improve the soil , where suggest that you use organic fertilizers , minimize the use of fertilizers. Using homemade organic fertilizer can be diluted with water after watering , you can also shallow around the plant , the same should also avoid the rhizomes.
Foliar fertilization: This method can be managed in time to save for negligence , malnutrition and other phenomena of plants . Convenient and cost-effective . Is diluted to a certain percentage of the fertilizer , the use of flower sprayer spray sprayed directly on the foliage of plants , is absorbed by the leaf .
In addition, the fertilization process but also pay attention to the timing: fertilizer and foliar fertilization , to dry soil in the pot when , when plants absorb best. Even before the first tillage fertilization , so in order to facilitate the rapid infiltration of fertilizer , reducing fertilizer losses.
Generally, fertilization methods commonly used in home gardening has the following three ways:
Basal: Huanpen in the nursery and pre- composting process will be a good fertilizer , mixed according to a certain proportion of the soil, in order to provide long-term growth needs of a method. Fertilizer commonly used to produce their own organic fertilizer , such as the maturity of the cake , bone meal, fried melon seeds , the effect is very good. It should be noted , do not let the roots of flowers to the fertilizer in direct contact , it will easily burn the plants due to hypertrophy .
Dressing: in flowers during the growing season , because the basin is limited, basal lost strength after a long time , can no longer provide adequate nutrition of plants . At this time during the growing season will be based on the needs of different flowers , selective complement a variety of fertilizers. Can also be used with fertilizer organic fertilizer . When the use of fertilizers , plant stems to avoid , sprinkle in the basin ; or watering the fertilizer diluted . Fertilizer use is simple, effective but also fast, but prolonged use causes basin compaction, soil permeability is poor. The homemade organic fertilizer nutrients than the whole, fertilizer long , but also improve the soil , where suggest that you use organic fertilizers , minimize the use of fertilizers. Using homemade organic fertilizer can be diluted with water after watering , you can also shallow around the plant , the same should also avoid the rhizomes.
Foliar fertilization: This method can be managed in time to save for negligence , malnutrition and other phenomena of plants . Convenient and cost-effective . Is diluted to a certain percentage of the fertilizer , the use of flower sprayer spray sprayed directly on the foliage of plants , is absorbed by the leaf .
In addition, the fertilization process but also pay attention to the timing: fertilizer and foliar fertilization , to dry soil in the pot when , when plants absorb best. Even before the first tillage fertilization , so in order to facilitate the rapid infiltration of fertilizer , reducing fertilizer losses.
Low volume sprayer Precautions
( 1 ) Preparation before use . In the use of ultra low volume sprayer , you should check the machine parts are complete, installed correctly , the connection part is solid and reliable, the cage rotation is flexible and comfortable ; adding gasoline to the engine and engine oil mixed oil dubbed , should Xianxiang liquid tank and add water spray test and observe the tank and the liquid flows through the pipe without leaking, tumble spray droplets are normal ; before use, but also according to control objects in under the guidance of professional and technical personnel selection type of chemicals and formulations to suit ultra-low volume spraying should prevail. The drugs available household sprayer throttle control .
( 2 ) using the operation. Spraying pesticides , machinery parts subject to normal operation , the operator first walking, then open the infusion switch, while walking to always keep the same speed , stop spraying, first turn off the infusion switch, and then be shut down. When spraying , pay attention to the prevailing wind direction downwind should begin to try the spray direction consistent with the natural wind direction , wind spraying is not allowed . Field spraying application side spray technology, not facing the nozzle orifice crops, but crops have a certain angle , the angle depending on the size of the natural wind speed to be, the principle is the wind speed , the angle should be large , wind -hour angle to small . Spraying time should not be selected in the hot noon , natural wind is greater than 3 , should not be implemented ultra low volume spray. In warehouses , greenhouses , etc. When spraying spray time not too long , in order to prevent occurrence of poisoning people . When the spray liquid into the cage of the bearing part , should bearings removed, cleaned with kerosene or gasoline , according to the instructions in the bearing interior requirements add some molybdenum disulfide solid lubricant or calcium based grease lubricated , and then install the cage ; in tree sprayer spraying, nozzle atomizer tumble do not touch crops, in order to prevent damage to the cage ; join the tank liquid not too full , to prevent overflow , if the overflow , immediately wash clean. After each use , to the tank , the residual liquid infusion tube release , the whole machine wipe clean ; spray after the operation , in custody prior to collection , in addition to the tank , the liquid inside a clean residual oil poured outside , but also a comprehensive cleaning, metal parts to rust oil painting , and then stored in a cool ventilated .
( 2 ) using the operation. Spraying pesticides , machinery parts subject to normal operation , the operator first walking, then open the infusion switch, while walking to always keep the same speed , stop spraying, first turn off the infusion switch, and then be shut down. When spraying , pay attention to the prevailing wind direction downwind should begin to try the spray direction consistent with the natural wind direction , wind spraying is not allowed . Field spraying application side spray technology, not facing the nozzle orifice crops, but crops have a certain angle , the angle depending on the size of the natural wind speed to be, the principle is the wind speed , the angle should be large , wind -hour angle to small . Spraying time should not be selected in the hot noon , natural wind is greater than 3 , should not be implemented ultra low volume spray. In warehouses , greenhouses , etc. When spraying spray time not too long , in order to prevent occurrence of poisoning people . When the spray liquid into the cage of the bearing part , should bearings removed, cleaned with kerosene or gasoline , according to the instructions in the bearing interior requirements add some molybdenum disulfide solid lubricant or calcium based grease lubricated , and then install the cage ; in tree sprayer spraying, nozzle atomizer tumble do not touch crops, in order to prevent damage to the cage ; join the tank liquid not too full , to prevent overflow , if the overflow , immediately wash clean. After each use , to the tank , the residual liquid infusion tube release , the whole machine wipe clean ; spray after the operation , in custody prior to collection , in addition to the tank , the liquid inside a clean residual oil poured outside , but also a comprehensive cleaning, metal parts to rust oil painting , and then stored in a cool ventilated .
2013年8月28日星期三
Crop injury prevention and rescue
As a result of improper use of pesticides crop phytotoxicity , our country has an impact on crop yield and quality and safety of agricultural products of major risks.
Improper use of pesticides why the injury occurred
Synthetic pesticides used insecticide and disease prevention, to kill weeds , because of its affinity with the crop itself is not , it will affect crop metabolism, reduce crop immune function . Therefore, the improper use of pesticides causes crops difficult to find the hidden tag of injury or injury , will inhibit crop growth , leading to malnutrition.
To sum up, there are four issues that affect the rational use of pesticides , one pharmaceutical quality , the second is the use of technology , three are standard spraying machine , garden pressure sprayer spraying machine 4 is to regulate the use of technology . In addition, the natural environmental conditions such as low temperature , high temperature and drought , salinity and other effects , can lead to injury incurred or aggravated injury.
Types of injury
Pesticide phytotoxicity divided recessive injury and expressive injury. Recessive injury is caused by the absorption of pesticides , phytotoxicity symptoms generally obvious, often at low temperatures inhibit the performance of crop growth , dark green leaves , and then when the temperature leggy , greed green late , resulting in crop yield and quality decreased . Performance of herbicide injury symptoms, easily recognizable , trigger sprayer spraying in high temperature conditions typically exhibit leaves burns spots, leaves Kujiao other symptoms.
Improper use of pesticides why the injury occurred
Synthetic pesticides used insecticide and disease prevention, to kill weeds , because of its affinity with the crop itself is not , it will affect crop metabolism, reduce crop immune function . Therefore, the improper use of pesticides causes crops difficult to find the hidden tag of injury or injury , will inhibit crop growth , leading to malnutrition.
To sum up, there are four issues that affect the rational use of pesticides , one pharmaceutical quality , the second is the use of technology , three are standard spraying machine , garden pressure sprayer spraying machine 4 is to regulate the use of technology . In addition, the natural environmental conditions such as low temperature , high temperature and drought , salinity and other effects , can lead to injury incurred or aggravated injury.
Types of injury
Pesticide phytotoxicity divided recessive injury and expressive injury. Recessive injury is caused by the absorption of pesticides , phytotoxicity symptoms generally obvious, often at low temperatures inhibit the performance of crop growth , dark green leaves , and then when the temperature leggy , greed green late , resulting in crop yield and quality decreased . Performance of herbicide injury symptoms, easily recognizable , trigger sprayer spraying in high temperature conditions typically exhibit leaves burns spots, leaves Kujiao other symptoms.
Sprayers and spraying techniques using point
To ensure trouble-free use and prolong the life of sprayers , and in order to ensure the safety of staff . Sprayer before and after use be sure to make the appropriate checks in the process of spraying pesticides should follow certain precautions.
To check the sprayer before operation of the parts for damage, without leakage, spray is normal , the first trial with agricultural sprayers water spray .
Spraying pesticides , the operator should stand upwind , and pay attention to changes in wind direction , way of walking time to change jobs , try to forward interlaced spraying.
Knapsack sprayer tank can not be overfilled to avoid bending when the liquid from the medicine chest mouth overflow spilled into the spraying people. Select the correct application time should avoid weed sprayer spraying at noon when the sun is strong , because when pesticides , volatile, and the operator sweating, pesticides easily into the body through the pores .
Spraying equipment in the course of the event of failure , should immediately stop work , close the valve , inspect repairs. If it is a pipe or pump sprayer fails, you must first reduce the pressure in the pipeline . Open the pressure in the gas tank , you should first release the compressed air cylinder , to prevent accidents.
After each use , the barrel should be promptly poured the remaining liquid, and washed with water poured dry .
To check the sprayer before operation of the parts for damage, without leakage, spray is normal , the first trial with agricultural sprayers water spray .
Spraying pesticides , the operator should stand upwind , and pay attention to changes in wind direction , way of walking time to change jobs , try to forward interlaced spraying.
Knapsack sprayer tank can not be overfilled to avoid bending when the liquid from the medicine chest mouth overflow spilled into the spraying people. Select the correct application time should avoid weed sprayer spraying at noon when the sun is strong , because when pesticides , volatile, and the operator sweating, pesticides easily into the body through the pores .
Spraying equipment in the course of the event of failure , should immediately stop work , close the valve , inspect repairs. If it is a pipe or pump sprayer fails, you must first reduce the pressure in the pipeline . Open the pressure in the gas tank , you should first release the compressed air cylinder , to prevent accidents.
After each use , the barrel should be promptly poured the remaining liquid, and washed with water poured dry .
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